Comparison of Information Skills Process Models
Kuhlthau Eisenberg/Berkowitz Irving Pitts/Stripling New South Wales
Information Seeking Information Problem-Solving Information Skills Research Process Information Process
(The Big6 Skills)
1.  Initiation   1.  Task Definition   1.  Formulation/analysis 1. Choose a broad topic    
2. Selection        1.1  Define the problem      of   2. Get an overview of Defining
     1.2  Identify info requirements      information need       the topic    
4.  Formul- 3. Narrow the topic
     ation 4. Develop thesis/
     (of focus)     purpose statement
3.  Explor- 5.  Collect- 2.  Information seeking strategies 2.  Identification /appraisal 5. Formulate questions    
     ation      ion      2.1 Determine range sources      of       to guide research Locating
         2.2 Prioritize sources      likely sources   6. Plan for research &    
        production
     (investig     (gather 3.  Location & access 3. Tracing/locating indiv. resources 7. Find,      
     info on     info on      3.1 Locate sources 4. Examining, selecting, &     analyze, Selecting
     the     the      3.2 Find info       rejecting indiv resources     evaluate resources    
    general     focused
    topic)     topic) 4.  Information use   5. Interrogating/using    
         4.1 Engage (read, view, etc)     individual resources 8. Evaluate evidence Organising
         4.2 Extract info   6. Recording/storing info     take notes/compile bib    
5.  Synthesis   7. Interpretation, analysis, synth., 9. Establish conclusions/    
6.  Presentation      5.1 Organize       and eval. of info       Organize info in outline Presenting
         5.2 Present   8. Shape, presentation, and 10. Create and present    
        communication of info       final product
7.  Assesment 6.  Evaluation   9. Evaluation of the      
     (of outcome/      6.1 Judge the product     assignment   (Reflection point -- is the Assessing
      process)      6.2 Judge the process paper/project satisfactory)    
M. Eisenberg 1996