Comparison of Information Skills Process Models

Kuhlthau

Eisenberg/Berkowitz

Irving

Pitts/Stripling

New South Wales

Information Seeking

Information Problem-Solving

Information Skills

Research Process

Information Process

(The Big6 Skills)

1.  Initiation

1.  Task Definition

1.  Formulation/analysis

1. Choose a broad topic

2. Selection

1.1  Define the problem

of

2. Get an overview of

Defining

1.2  Identify info requirements

information need

the topic

4.  Formul-

3. Narrow the topic

ation

4. Develop thesis/

(of focus)

purpose statement

3.  Explor-

5.  Collect-

2.  Information seeking strategies

2.  Identification /appraisal

5. Formulate questions

ation

ion

2.1 Determine range sources

of

to guide research

Locating

2.2 Prioritize sources

likely sources

6. Plan for research &

production

(investig

(gather

3.  Location & access

3. Tracing/locating indiv. resources

7. Find,

info on

info on

3.1 Locate sources

4. Examining, selecting, &

analyze,

Selecting

the

the

3.2 Find info

rejecting indiv resources

evaluate resources

general

focused

topic)

topic)

4.  Information use

5. Interrogating/using

4.1 Engage (read, view, etc)

individual resources

8. Evaluate evidence

Organising

4.2 Extract info

6. Recording/storing info

take notes/compile bib

5.  Synthesis

7. Interpretation, analysis, synth.,

9. Establish conclusions/

6.  Presentation

5.1 Organize

and eval. of info

Organize info in outline

Presenting

5.2 Present

8. Shape, presentation, and

10. Create and present

communication of info

final product

7.  Assesment

6.  Evaluation

9. Evaluation of the

(of outcome/

6.1 Judge the product

assignment

(Reflection point -- is the

Assessing

process)

6.2 Judge the process

paper/project satisfactory)

M. Eisenberg 1996